История фамилии

ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕРМИНЫ С АНТРОПОНИМАМИ В ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ ГИМНАСТИКЕ

(НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА)

Sport is an integral part of social life. The beginning of the 21st century marked the search for ways and mechanisms for the harmonious coexistence of multicultural civilizations. The modern idea of intercultural communication can be considered as a fact of spiritual integration of peoples. Hence, it is quite logical to consider it as a new type of communication, which is characterized by familiarization with the cultures of other peoples, fruitful cooperation and life in a multinational environment.

Material and spiritual culture is reflected in language. The content of linguistic units of different levels reflects all stages of the development of an ethnos, all forms and methods of its life activity. Among linguistic units, proper names occupy a special position - words or phrases that serve to name, name an object, distinguish it from other objects, individualize and identify it.

The article discusses English phraseological terms with anthroponyms in rhythmic gymnastics.

A term is a word or phrase of a special (scientific, technical, etc.) language, created (accepted, borrowed, etc.) to accurately express special concepts and designations of special objects [1].

A phraseological term is a terminological phrase whose resulting meaning is not the sum of the meanings of its constituent elements [5].

The main difference between terms-phraseologisms and ordinary phraseological units is that they are terms of a certain field of knowledge or branch of technology. They objectify in their structure professional knowledge, the essential features of a special terminological concept [2].

Terms with anthroponyms are called eponymous terms.

Anthroponyms, which are part of sports terms-eponyms, are a means of accumulating and storing information about culture, mentality, and sports knowledge [3].

V.M. Leichik gives the following definition of eponym terms - “terms, the structural elements of which are proper names, either denoting the authors of the corresponding objects, phenomena, units of measurement, or assigned in honor of famous figures of science and culture” [4]

A sport such as rhythmic gymnastics is a source of the formation of phraseological terms with proper names.

Next, examples of English phraseological terms with proper names in a sport such as rhythmic gymnastics will be considered and their etymological characteristics will be given.

- Shougourova's spin, an exercise in which the gymnast, walking in zigzags, as if playing with the ball, suddenly throws it with both feet back - up, then, making a high "ring" jump, unexpectedly kicks it with her feet (named after Galima Shugurova, Soviet gymnast, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR in rhythmic gymnastics, the first European champion in this sport);

- Ralenkova’s overturn, pre-acrobatic overturn, overturn starting from the floor (named after Anelia Ralenkova, Bulgarian athlete, multiple world champion in rhythmic gymnastics);

- Kabaeva’s pirouette, a pirouette in back balance, and four more of her own, patented elements (named after Alina Kabaeva, a Russian athlete in the field of rhythmic gymnastics, multiple world, European and Olympic champion in this sport);

- Belova’s slow turn, turlyan on half toes, 360 degrees, leg to the side in a split (named after Olga Belova, international master of sports, world and European champion in rhythmic gymnastics);

- Utyasheva’s stance, on the chest, without arms (named after Laysan Utyasheva, a Russian athlete, Honored Master of Sports in rhythmic gymnastics, multiple world and European champion in this sport);

- Tschaschina’s element, a transition from a longitudinal split position to one knee (named after Irina Chashchina, a Russian athlete who competed in rhythmic gymnastics in individual and team exercises, world and European champion, Honored Master of Sports of Russia in rhythmic gymnastics).

Sports terms-eponyms are a large layer of vocabulary with the help of which new knowledge is recorded, concepts important for society are designated, and the transmission and perception of various scientific and sports information is ensured. They have sustainability, reproducibility and targeted appearance.

The semantic merging of the meanings of the components of a phraseological term-eponym from the field of rhythmic gymnastics into a single whole is facilitated by the fact that the meaning of the term is directly, directly related to a complex, original element or connection in the field of this sport.

Long-term use of sports terms with anthroponyms contributes to their phraseology.

As a result of the study the authors came to the conclusion that phraseological terms in the field of rhythmic gymnastics arise as a result of the terminology of phraseological units and are actively used in modern English.

Список литературы

1. Ахманова О. С. Словарь лингвистических терминов. – М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1966. – С. 474.
2. Головин Б. Н. Лингвистические основы учения о терминах: учебное пособие для филол. вузов. – М.: Высшая школа, 1987. – С.43-48.
3. Кучешева И. Л. Интернациональный характер немецких и английских спортивных терминов с именем собственным// Иностранные языки в школе. №1 / Гл. ред. Н.П. Каменецкая. – М.: 2016. – С. 49.
4. Лейчик В. М. Люди и слова. – М.: Наука, 1982. – С. 12.
5. Чернышева И. И. Фразеология современного немецкого языка. – М.: Высшая школа, 1970. – С. 39.

Автор: Бондарь К. В., студент 1 курса факультета физической культуры ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный университет физической культуры и спорта»